{"id":985,"date":"2023-06-29T13:39:57","date_gmt":"2023-06-29T11:39:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/apolinar.eu\/?page_id=985"},"modified":"2023-06-29T13:39:57","modified_gmt":"2023-06-29T11:39:57","slug":"pece-behem-porodu","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/apolinar.capta.cz\/en\/porodnice\/porod\/pece-behem-porodu\/","title":{"rendered":"P\u00e9\u010de b\u011bhem porodu"},"content":{"rendered":" \r\n \r\n
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Porod a p\u00e9\u010de b\u011bhem porodu<\/h2>
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Porod je jedn\u00edm z nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch moment\u016f va\u0161eho \u017eivota. Jsme v\u00e1m k dispozici a ud\u011bl\u00e1me v\u0161e pro to, abychom naplnili va\u0161e o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a va\u0161e vzpom\u00ednky na porod U Apolin\u00e1\u0159e byly pozitivn\u00ed.
\nP\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed informace a seznamte se s p\u00e9\u010d\u00ed, kterou v porodnici U Apolin\u00e1\u0159e zaji\u0161\u0165ujeme, a se slu\u017ebami, kter\u00e9 b\u011bhem porodu nab\u00edz\u00edme a poskytujeme.<\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/section>\r\n \n\n \r\n \r\n

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Informace k pr\u016fb\u011bhu porodu a p\u00e9\u010di<\/h2>
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1. Pr\u016fb\u011bh porodu<\/h3>\r\n
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Porod je moment, kdy miminko opou\u0161t\u00ed t\u011blo rod\u00edc\u00ed \u017eeny a st\u00e1v\u00e1 se samostatn\u00fdm jedincem. Je doprov\u00e1zen bolestiv\u00fdmi d\u011blo\u017en\u00edmi kontrakcemi, kter\u00e9 zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed otev\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed porodn\u00edch cest a t\u00edm pom\u00e1haj\u00ed k vypuzen\u00ed miminka. Porodn\u00ed proces je d\u011bj, kter\u00fd se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z latentn\u00ed a aktivn\u00ed f\u00e1ze. Aktivn\u00ed f\u00e1zi porodu d\u011bl\u00edme na t\u0159i doby porodn\u00ed. D\u00e9lka cel\u00e9ho porodu je v\u017edy individu\u00e1ln\u00ed.<\/p>\n

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2. Jak zvl\u00e1dat kontrakce<\/h3>\r\n
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D\u011blo\u017en\u00ed kontrakce jsou zp\u016fsobeny stahy d\u011blo\u017en\u00ed svaloviny. Projevuj\u00ed se ztvrdnut\u00edm t\u011bhotn\u00e9ho b\u0159icha. Na po\u010d\u00e1tku porodu jsou kontrakce nepravideln\u00e9, kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 a maj\u00ed charakter podobn\u00fd menstrua\u010dn\u00edm bolestem v podb\u0159i\u0161ku nebo v z\u00e1dech. S postupuj\u00edc\u00edm porodem jsou kontrakce v\u00edce pravideln\u00e9, zintenziv\u0148uj\u00ed se a prodlu\u017euj\u00ed a za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed m\u00edt vliv na progresi vagin\u00e1ln\u00edho n\u00e1lezu, tj. otev\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed porodn\u00edch cest.<\/p>\n

V tomto obdob\u00ed v\u00e1m doporu\u010dujeme tr\u00e1vit co nejv\u00edce \u010dasu ve spr\u0161e, van\u011b nebo na m\u00ed\u010di. Sna\u017ete se naj\u00edt svou \u00falevovou polohu. Na\u0161e porodn\u00ed asistentky v\u00e1m pro uvoln\u011bn\u00ed doporu\u010duj\u00ed a nab\u00edzej\u00ed aromaterapii.<\/p>\n

\u00dalevov\u00e9 polohy p\u0159i porodu<\/a><\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n

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3. Jak d\u00fdchat p\u0159i porodu<\/h3>\r\n
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Spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00e1m pom\u016f\u017ee zvl\u00e1dat bolest b\u011bhem kontrakce. Spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 technika d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed pom\u00e1h\u00e1 nejen k dostate\u010dn\u00e9mu z\u00e1soben\u00ed miminka kysl\u00edkem p\u0159i kontrakci, ale minimalizuje tak\u00e9 hyperventilaci, mot\u00e1n\u00ed hlavy a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 zvracen\u00ed.<\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n

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4. Bolest b\u011bhem porodu<\/h3>\r\n
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\u010dasu zapomenout nebo ji p\u0159i vzpom\u00ednce na porod vyhodnotit jako mnohem slab\u0161\u00ed. M\u00edra bolesti roste s postupuj\u00edc\u00edm vagin\u00e1ln\u00edm n\u00e1lezem a \u00fazce souvis\u00ed s frekvenc\u00ed, trv\u00e1n\u00edm a intenzitou d\u011blo\u017en\u00edch kontrakc\u00ed. V porodnici U Apolin\u00e1\u0159e v\u00e1m pro usnadn\u011bn\u00ed zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed bolesti nab\u00edz\u00edme r\u016fzn\u00e9 metody analgezie \u2012 nefarmakologick\u00e9 (\u00falevov\u00e9 polohy, hydroanalgezie, aromaterapie) a farmakologick\u00e9 (epidur\u00e1ln\u00ed analgezie, Remifentanil, Nalbufin a Actynox). V\u00fdb\u011br metody analgezie z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na va\u0161ich preferenc\u00edch. Hlavn\u00edm c\u00edlem tlumen\u00ed porodn\u00edch bolest\u00ed je poskytnout v\u00e1m co nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u00falevu a z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u00e1m umo\u017enit, abyste se aktivn\u011b pod\u00edlela na porodn\u00edm d\u011bji.<\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n

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5. Odb\u011br pupe\u010dn\u00edkov\u00e9 tk\u00e1n\u011b + krve<\/h3>\r\n
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V\u00a0na\u0161\u00ed porodnici je mo\u017en\u00e9 si p\u0159i porodu nechat odebrat pupe\u010dn\u00edkovou krev a tak\u00e9 tk\u00e1\u0148 pupe\u010dn\u00edku. <\/strong><\/p>\n

Co je pupe\u010dn\u00edkov\u00e1 krev?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pupe\u010dn\u00edkov\u00e1 krev je novorozeneck\u00e1 krev obsa\u017een\u00e1 v placent\u011b a\u00a0pupe\u010dn\u00edku. Je to krev d\u00edt\u011bte, kter\u00e1 se nem\u00eds\u00ed s\u00a0krv\u00ed matky a\u00a0obsahuje mimo jin\u00e9 r\u016fzn\u00e9 typy kmenov\u00fdch bun\u011bk, z\u00a0nich\u017e nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdznam maj\u00ed v\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti tzv. hematopoetick\u00e9 kmenov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky a\u00a0progenitory krevn\u00edch bun\u011bk. Pupe\u010dn\u00edkovou krev lze p\u0159i porodu odebrat, zpracovat a\u00a0dlouhodob\u011b uchovat pro pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed k\u00a0l\u00e9\u010db\u011b a\u00a0regeneraci d\u00edt\u011bte. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 je i\u00a0samotn\u00e1 pupe\u010dn\u00edkov\u00e1 tk\u00e1\u0148, kterou je rovn\u011b\u017e mo\u017en\u00e9 uchov\u00e1vat pro vyu\u017eit\u00ed v\u00a0regenerativn\u00ed medic\u00edn\u011b.<\/p>\n

Co je tk\u00e1\u0148 pupe\u010dn\u00edku?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tk\u00e1\u0148 pupe\u010dn\u00edku je v\u00a0podstat\u011b \u010d\u00e1st pupe\u010dn\u00ed \u0161\u0148\u016fry Va\u0161e d\u00edt\u011bte. Pupe\u010dn\u00ed \u0161\u0148\u016fra (nebo tak\u00e9 \u201epupe\u010dn\u00edk\u201c) spojuje placentu s d\u00edt\u011btem a umo\u017e\u0148uje transport krve z placenty k plodu a zp\u011bt. Po porodu je pupe\u010dn\u00edk za\u0161krcen (podv\u00e1z\u00e1n) a p\u0159est\u0159i\u017een, d\u00edt\u011b je tak definitivn\u011b odd\u011bleno od matky. V t\u00e9to f\u00e1zi je mo\u017en\u00e9 prov\u00e9st odb\u011br tk\u00e1n\u011b pupe\u010dn\u00edku (a pupe\u010dn\u00edkov\u00e9 krve). Zbytek pupe\u010dn\u00edku z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 spojen s placenou, po porodu placenty je spolu s n\u00ed obvykle likvidov\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Chci v\u011bd\u011bt v\u00edce<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n

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6. Um\u011bl\u00e9 vyvol\u00e1n\u00ed porodu neboli indukce porodu<\/h3>\r\n
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Doporu\u010den\u00ed um\u011ble vyvolat porod na\u0161i porodn\u00edci vol\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, kdy pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed znamen\u00e1 pro v\u00e1s i va\u0161e d\u00edt\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed riziko a je vhodn\u00e9 co nejd\u0159\u00edve porodit.
\nSituac\u00ed, za kter\u00fdch je ji\u017e vhodn\u00e9 ne\u010dekat d\u00e1le na spont\u00e1nn\u00ed spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed porodu a p\u0159istoupit k jeho vyvol\u00e1n\u00ed, je mnoho. N\u00e1\u0161 porodnick\u00fd t\u00fdm s v\u00e1mi aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u016fb\u011bh porodu a jeho postup v\u017edy pravideln\u011b konzultuje a spole\u010dn\u011b vol\u00edte to nejlep\u0161\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed.<\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n

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7. Odtok plodov\u00e9 vody<\/h3>\r\n
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V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee v\u00e1m p\u0159ed porodem spont\u00e1nn\u011b odtekla plodov\u00e1 voda, co nejd\u0159\u00edve dorazte do na\u0161\u00ed porodnice k p\u0159\u00edjmu na porodn\u00ed s\u00e1l. Pokud v\u00e1m v r\u00e1mci vstupn\u00edho vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed potvrd\u00edme, \u017ee k odtoku plodov\u00e9 vody ji\u017e do\u0161lo, ji\u017e si v\u00e1s v porodnici nech\u00e1me. Pravideln\u011b sledujeme fyziologick\u00fd CTG z\u00e1znam miminka (monitor). Pokud do 24 hodin od odtoku plodov\u00e9 vody spont\u00e1nn\u011b nenastoup\u00ed d\u011blo\u017en\u00ed kontrakce, je vhodn\u00e9 za\u010d\u00edt porod um\u011ble vyvol\u00e1vat.<\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n

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8. P\u0159\u00edprava k porodu<\/h3>\r\n
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Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravy na porod v Porodn\u00edm centru je sprcha a klyst\u00fdr. Realizace o\u010distn\u00e9ho klyzmatu je \u010dist\u011b na va\u0161em rozhodnut\u00ed.<\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n

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9. J\u00eddlo a pit\u00ed b\u011bhem porodu<\/h3>\r\n
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B\u011bhem porodu m\u016f\u017eete j\u00edst a p\u00edt. Nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed tekutinou je neperliv\u00e1 voda. Z j\u00eddla doporu\u010dujeme men\u0161\u00ed porce lehce straviteln\u00fdch potravin bohat\u00fdch na rychl\u00e9 cukry (nap\u0159. ban\u00e1n, hroznov\u00fd cukr\u2026)<\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n

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10. CTG monitorace<\/h3>\r\n
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Kardiotokografick\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed (monitor) slou\u017e\u00ed ke sledov\u00e1n\u00ed stavu plodu na konci t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed, a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v pr\u016fb\u011bhu porodu. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee jsou pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky monitoru v po\u0159\u00e1dku, nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9 v\u00e1s b\u011bhem porodu kontinu\u00e1ln\u011b monitorovat. Kontroln\u00ed monitor v\u00e1m zajist\u00edme ka\u017ed\u00e9 dv\u011b a\u017e t\u0159i hodiny.<\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n

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11. Vagin\u00e1ln\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed<\/h3>\r\n
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P\u0159i p\u0159\u00edjmu na porodn\u00ed s\u00e1l v\u00e1s vagin\u00e1ln\u011b vy\u0161et\u0159\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159 nebo porodn\u00ed asistentka a zjist\u00ed, v jak\u00e9 f\u00e1zi porodu se nach\u00e1z\u00edte. Podle va\u0161eho aktu\u00e1ln\u00edho stavu a progrese porodu porodn\u00edk nebo porodn\u00ed asistentka vol\u00ed po\u010det a nutnost dal\u0161\u00edch vagin\u00e1ln\u00edch vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n

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12. Alternativn\u00ed metody<\/h3>\r\n
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13. Polohy p\u0159i porodu<\/h3>\r\n
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Pokud jste vy i va\u0161e miminko v po\u0159\u00e1dku, vyjdeme v\u00e1m p\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru polohy p\u0159i porodu maxim\u00e1ln\u011b vst\u0159\u00edc.<\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n

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14. GBS pozitivita<\/h3>\r\n
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Pokud je st\u011br na st\u011br na streptokoka skupiny B (GBS) pozitivn\u00ed, indikujeme a pod\u00e1v\u00e1me antibiotika v pr\u016fb\u011bhu cel\u00e9ho porodu \u2013 od za\u010d\u00e1tku pravideln\u00fdch kontrakc\u00ed nebo spont\u00e1nn\u00edho odtoku vody plodov\u00e9 a\u017e po samotn\u00fd porod va\u0161eho miminka. Pod\u00e1n\u00ed antibiotik je prevenc\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 infekce novorozence.<\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n

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15. L\u00e9ky b\u011bhem porodu<\/h3>\r\n
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Do porodu se sna\u017e\u00edme co nejm\u00e9n\u011b zasahovat medikac\u00ed. Jsou ale situace, kdy je pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch l\u00e9\u010div\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpravk\u016f nezbytn\u00e9 a jejich pod\u00e1n\u00ed je pro pr\u016fb\u011bh porodu bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Mezi nej\u010dast\u011bji pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 l\u00e9ky b\u011bhem porodu v na\u0161\u00ed porodnici pat\u0159\u00ed uterotonika (Oxytocin), ATB, spasmolytika (Buscopan), epidur\u00e1ln\u00ed analgezii a lok\u00e1ln\u00ed anestetika.<\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n

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16. C\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00fd \u0159ez<\/h3>\r\n
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C\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00fd \u0159ez je typ opera\u010dn\u00edho porodu, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m je miminko vybaveno z t\u011bla matky \u0159ezem p\u0159es b\u0159i\u0161n\u00ed st\u011bnu. Nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 prov\u00e9st c\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00fd \u0159ez na p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed. P\u0159istupujeme k n\u011bmu v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee je ohro\u017eeno va\u0161e zdrav\u00ed, zdrav\u00ed va\u0161eho miminka nebo v\u00e1s obou. Porod c\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00fdm \u0159ezem je bu\u010f akutn\u00ed, nebo pl\u00e1novan\u00fd. M\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt proveden v celkov\u00e9 nebo region\u00e1ln\u00ed anestezii. Volba typu anestezie z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na va\u0161ich preferenc\u00edch, v\u017edy v\u0161ak po dohod\u011b a konzultaci s anesteziology.<\/p>\n

V\u00edce o mo\u017en\u00fdch zp\u016fsobech anestezie v pr\u016fb\u011bhu porodu najdete zde:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Porod z pohledu anesteziologa – informace pro rodi\u010dky<\/a><\/p>\n

Bli\u017e\u0161\u00ed informace o pl\u00e1novan\u00e9m c\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00e9m \u0159ezu:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pl\u00e1novan\u00e9 ukon\u010den\u00ed t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed c\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00fdm \u0159ezem<\/a><\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n

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17. Epiziotomie<\/h3>\r\n
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Epiziotomie (n\u00e1st\u0159ih hr\u00e1ze) nen\u00ed v na\u0161\u00ed porodnici prov\u00e1d\u011bna rutinn\u011b.<\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n

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18. Vagin\u00e1ln\u00ed porod po SC<\/h3>\r\n
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Pokud si p\u0159ejete rodit vagin\u00e1ln\u011b po p\u0159edchoz\u00edm porodu c\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00fdm \u0159ezem, konzultujte svou situaci s na\u0161imi odborn\u00edky v t\u011bhotensk\u00e9 ambulanci. Vagin\u00e1ln\u00ed porod po c\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00e9m \u0159ezu je mo\u017en\u00fd, v\u017edy v\u0161ak p\u0159i spln\u011bn\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00fdch podm\u00ednek.<\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n

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19. Spont\u00e1nn\u00ed porod dvoj\u010dat<\/h3>\r\n
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V na\u0161\u00ed porodnici je spont\u00e1nn\u00ed porod dvoj\u010dat mo\u017en\u00fd p\u0159i spln\u011bn\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00fdch podm\u00ednek:<\/p>\n